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Sharing one's sublime moment with ‘human tissue donation'
Contributing to public health through activation of domestic human tissue donation and expansion of its supply and demand
Chief Director Yu Myeong-chul of Korea Foundation for Human Tissue Donation
(the First President of Asia Artificial Joint Society, former Vice Chancellor & Director of Kyunghee Mecical Center, a chair-professor of Kyunghee University, the Honorary Director of Chung Hospital)

How do you feel about Korea Foundation for Human Tissue Donation being appointed as a human tissue donation support organization by the Ministry of Health & Welfare?
I'm happy that KFTD was appointed as an official human tissue donation support organization by the Ministry of Health & Welfare on 6 April. It means that we are now equal to Korea Organ Donation Agency and Korea Red Cross (Blood Bank) and we can be able to build a human tissue management system like them.  

What prompted you to develop a fascination with human tissue?
I carried out 15,000 artificial join surgeries for damaged joints after I succeeded a femoral reconjugation surgery for the first time in the world in 1976. Artificial joint surgery accompanies bone graft in most cases and reoperation can cause a bony defect due to the bone being absorbed into the artificial joints area. I strongly felt a need for bone donation as the reuse of patient's bone is limited. I started working on it from the year 2000 and gathered those who felt the same need as I felt to form an organization to supply human tissue for domestic hospitals. Human tissue donation is a really noble thing to do and it can only be done with donor's good will. 

You take more than 80% of supplying domestic human tissue. What is your role?
We have been exerting our effort in activation of human tissue donation, expanding the self-sufficiency of transplant materials and its variety & quality improvement as well as fostering specialists relating to human tissue. We established Tissue Bank in Seoul St. Marry's Hospital, Budang Cha Hospital, Busan National University Yangsan Hospital and Chonnam National Unveristy Bigoeul Hospital and are doing subscription project nationwide to promote management, diversity and stable supply of tissue materials. We also carry out free tissue materials project for patients from low income families. Our role in a nutshell is to do ¡âsupport and cooperation with tissue banks and medical institutions to find donors ¡âR&D and training on human tissue donation ¡âproviding information & training for health care workers to promote the number of donors ¡âmanagement of human tissue donation organizations & the information.

What is the present condition of domestic human tissue donation?
Human tissue donation means that donors donate their tissues such as skin, bones, cartilages, tendon, sinews, blood vessels and heart valves after they died. The demand of domestic human tissue has increased by 7% yearly for the last 3 years but the number of donations was far too little. The donors in the US, for example, are 100 people per 1 million, 59 in Spain and 30 in France but Korea stays at 4.7. WTO recommends each country to be self-sufficient in organ & human tissue donation but we have to import 74% of the tissue from abroad. The problem is that this can raise safety issue, implant cost and stability of supply in Korea.  

It seems like your role is becoming very important. What do you think is your opinion about public recognition of human tissue donation in Korea?
The donation is closely related with the public health and their quality of life. Most human tissue beneficiaries are from low income families or patients from rare diseases. In addition, we proceed organ and human tissue donation procedure from each different organization unlike the advanced countries which cause administrative ineffectiveness as well as a burden to the families of the donors. Ethical issue and dignity also need to be respected. Therefore, I think it is urgent to establish a national level management organization and tissue bank to effectively control the necessary procedures from donation, collection, processing, storage and distribution of the materials at a reasonable cost. Good examples include Spain's ONT(National Transplant Organization), UK's NHSBT(National Health Services Blood and Transplant) and Canada's CBS(Canadian Blood Services) which are managed by a non-profit public organization. The role of staff in a hospital also is very important as they can save 100 lives by encouraging one of donor's family members to participate in donation. 

You are a world-wide authority on the field. How did you get here?
I grew up by watching my father having a prosthetic arm which he lost by a train accident and I decided to be an orthopedic surgeon. I have done a significant amount of joint related operations during my 41 years of service in Kyunghee University as a professor. People get limited of doing normal activities if they have joints problems in the lower half body. I established an artificial joint research institute in 1977 and developed my interest in bone tissue. I implanted a toe in the place of lost finger and developed a surface replacement surgery to cure the thighbone necrosis. I feel worth when people think of me when they heard the words 'artificial joint surgery'. As a member of 'Hope Medical Team', I treated 75,000 patients and did 200 operations all free of charge for 28 years. For my contribution, I received numerous awards including '2001 Seoul People Award', '2004 Choa's Service Award of Rotary International and '2012 Minister Prize of Health & Welfare. 

Artificial joint medical specialists from 12 Asian countries formed Arthroplasty Society In Asia (ASIA) in 2012 and you were appointed as the first president of the society.
It is an honor to be the first president of the society. The society is taking the initiative in activating international exchange through related R&D, training and operations. The goal of the society is to provide help for the developing countries and to train young doctors to spread medical techniques to the world. It is important to do your duty as an orthopedic surgeon but providing social services is equally so to make a better world. 

You have carried out a talent donation for the last 30 years on an itinerant medical check-up car and wrote a book called 'Human Doctor'. What is the role of a doctor in terms of social contribution? 
I have two roles in my life. One is as an orthopedic surgeon and another as one of society members. I used a car loaded with medical equipments and traveled the whole nation to give free medical services for 75,000 people who are in need in the hope of making a better society. I also do this free itinerant medical check-up in China, Sakhalin, Vietnam and Indonesia whenever I have a spare time. Human tissue donation in particular is very meaningful. You can share the sublime moments by saving other's lives with your tissue. It connects one life to another and one generation to next generation. I emphasize more on the duty we have to perform as a member of society rather than the mechanical role as a doctor. The difference between a great doctor and doctor as a job comes from this. 

Lastly, what would you like to say to Power Korea readers?
There are many patients who are desperately waiting for your noble tissue donation. It is notable that the number of those who are in need of the donation only can go up considering the fact that we are entering the aging society not to mention the unexpected accidents. Therefore, we need your participated right now so that we can together build a better society and the world. 
 


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