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Çã¿øµµ ±³¼ö°¡ À̲ø°í ÀÖ´Â ‘¹ÙÀÌ¿ÀÀ̹Ì¡ ¹× ±¤À¯ÀüÇבּ¸½Ç’Àº µ¶Ã¢ÀûÀÌ°í âÀÇÀûÀÎ ´Ü¹éÁú ¹× ¼¼Æ÷ Á¦¾î ¿øõ±â¼úÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿Í °³¹ß¿¡ Èû½á¿Ô´Ù. Áö³­ÇØ ‘±¤À¯ÀüÇÐ ±â¼úÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇØ Ä®½· ä³ÎÀ» Á¶ÀýÇÏ´Â ±â¼ú’¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³í¹®ÀÌ ¡¸Nature Biotechnology¡¹ÀÇ 10¿ùÈ£ Ç¥Áö ³í¹®À¸·Î ¼±Á¤µÇ±âµµ ÇßÀ¸¸ç, À̹ø ¿¬±¸ ¼º°ú ¶ÇÇÑ »ý¸í°úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß ÇмúÁöÀÎ ¡¸Nature Chemical Biology¡¹ 6¿ùÈ£¿¡ °ÔÀçµÇ¾ú´Ù. Çã ±³¼ö´Â ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀÌ °ÅµÎ°í ÀÖ´Â ÀÌ °°Àº ¼º°ú°¡ È­¸ñÇÏ°í ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿î ·¦ ºÐÀ§±â ´öºÐÀ̶ó°í ÀüÇß´Ù. ±×´Â “È¿À²ÀûÀÎ ¿¬±¸¸¦ À§Çؼ± ¿¬±¸¿¡ Àü³äÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ·¦ºÐÀ§±âÀÇ Á¶¼ºÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Çлýµé¸¶´Ù °ü½É ÀÖ´Â ¿¬±¸ÁÖÁ¦¸¦ ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°Ô ¼±ÅÃÇØ Âü¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¿¬±¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¿±âºÎ¿©µµ ³ôÀÌ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù”¶ó°í ¹àÇû´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Çã ±³¼ö´Â “»ý¹°ÇÐ ¹× ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ²÷ÀÓ¾ø´Â È£±â½É°ú ÃֽŠ¿¬±¸Æ®·»µå¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µÀÌ »õ·Î¿î ±â¼ú °³¹ßÀÇ ¿øõÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù”¶ó°í °­Á¶Çß´Ù. ¼¼°è¸¦ ¼±µµÇÒ ±¤À¯ÀüÇбâ¼úÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿Í °³¹ß¿¡ ¸ÅÁøÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â À̵éÀÇ ¾ÕÀ¸·ÎÀÇ Çຸ¸¦ ÁÖ¸ñÇغ¸ÀÚ.

IM-LARIAT technique reveals secrets of the cell.
Prof. Won Do Heo from Bio Imaging & Optogenetics Laboratory - KAIST
Control intracellular organelles with light to study their functions

In mammalian cell, there are several various membrane organelles such as endosome, lysosome and exosome, etc., which transport and distribute materials to maintain cellular function. Prof. Won Do Heo and his team in KAIST have recently developed IM-LARIAT (Light-activated reversible inhibition by assembled trap of intracellular membranes) technique that can control these organelles with light, attracted a great attention from the scientific circle at the moment. The technique introduced a fusion protein, including a protein of plant origin that is blue-light sensitive, and a Rab small GTPase that targeting specific intracellular organelle. When the blue light is turned on, in the cells that are expressed the fusion proteins, the organelles are pulled together, which in turn leads to a temporal stop of the transportation mediated by the organelles. When the light is turned off, the activity is reversed back to normal. This means that they can control the movement of intracellular organelles using light at the desired time and location. Using this technique, they can manipulate the movement of different types of organelles and investigate any change in cellular activities. Prof. Heo and his team applied the technology to nervous cells and showed that each type of ‘endosomes’ affects the growth of ‘growth cone’, the tail of nervous cells, differently.

“We will lead the optogenetics field”
The reason that the team’s new technique is on the center stage of the scientific circle is that it allows scientists to investigate more detailed and distinct functions of a certain organelle. Heo explained: “There have been several developed techniques for studying the roles of intracellular organelles, such as the use of chemicals and genetic modification. However, these techniques suffer from certain limitations, including low specificity and slow effect, which could lead to inaccurate results. But our IM-LARIAT technique provides a simple method to manipulate membrane organelles with minimum side effects.” Heo continued: “Because human cell has more than 60 Rab small GTPases, we can also utilize these proteins to target to diverse types of organelles. We can apply this technique to discover new mechanisms involved in cell and brain functions, contribute to the development of therapeutic methods to cure diseases such as cancer and neurological disorders. IM-LARIAT technique was published in the June issue of Nature Chemical Biology. Another technique from the team, optoSTIM1, was also published in last year October issue of Nature Biotechnology, ‘Optogenetic control of endogenous Ca2+ channels in vivo’, as the cover story. “Our achievements are the result of strong motivation and teamwork. So far we have not only been triggered with questions about unknown biological mechanisms, but also kept following the new trends in research. We will continue our passion and invest more efforts in order to become the world leader in optogenetics field.” said Heo.


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